Is this vulnerability remotely exploitable over the network?

Yes. The vulnerable `/skServer/validateBackup` endpoint is reachable over the network and can be called without authentication in affected versions. However, full impact often relies on an administrator later triggering the Restore operation.

Does exploitation require valid credentials or an existing account?

No direct authentication is required to manipulate `restoreFilePath`. The attacker's actions are unauthenticated, but they depend on a legitimate administrator using the Restore feature afterward, at which point the polluted state is applied.

What is the safest general fix pattern for developers?

Decouple sensitive internal state from unauthenticated input, enforce strict validation and allowlists for any file paths or configuration targets involved in restore operations, and require authentication for all endpoints that influence backup/restore behavior.

Severity:

CRITICAL RISK

(9.6)

State Pollution and Command Injection (CWE-913, CWE-78) in Signal K Server Backup Validation

CVE-2025-66398

Published:

Jan 1, 2026

Status:

Analyzed

Summary

Affected Context

Exploit Preconditions

Why This Happens

Potential Impact

General Mitigation Guidance

How Teams Detect Issues Like This

Frequently Asked Questions

Source

NDV

Recent Vulnerabilities

CWE-77;CWE-78

HIGH RISK

HIGH

(7.3)

OS Command Injection (CWE-78) in Totolink A7100RU setGameSpeedCfg CGI Handler

Remote Code Execution on the Router

April 6, 2026

CWE-77;CWE-78

HIGH RISK

HIGH

(7.3)

OS Command Injection (CWE-78) in Totolink A7100RU setFirewallType Handler

Remote Code Execution on Router Firmware

April 6, 2026

Vulnerability Type

Category:

State Pollution / Insecure State Management

CWE:

CWE-78;CWE-913

Impact:

Account Takeover and Remote Code Execution

Severity:

CRITICAL RISK

(9.6)

CVSS Version:

3.1

Vulnerability Type

Category:

State Pollution / Insecure State Management

CWE:

CWE-78;CWE-913

Impact:

Account Takeover and Remote Code Execution

Severity:

CRITICAL RISK

(9.6)

CVSS Version:

3.1

Catch This CVE While Code Is Being Written

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Ask AI for summary of CodeAnt

State Pollution and Command Injection (CWE-913, CWE-78) in Signal K Server Backup Validation

Summary

Affected Context

Exploit Preconditions

Why This Happens

Potential Impact

General Mitigation Guidance

How Teams Detect Issues Like This

Frequently Asked Questions

Source

Recent Vulnerabilities

HIGH RISK

HIGH

(7.3)

OS Command Injection (CWE-78) in Totolink A7100RU setGameSpeedCfg CGI Handler

HIGH RISK

HIGH

(7.3)

OS Command Injection (CWE-78) in Totolink A7100RU setFirewallType Handler

Vulnerability Type

Vulnerability Type

Vulnerability Type

Catch This CVE While Code Is Being Written

Ship clean & secure code faster

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