Is this vulnerability remotely exploitable?

Yes. If CAI is exposed through a network interface (such as an API, chat frontend, or agent endpoint) that allows remote users to influence tool arguments, an attacker can exploit the vulnerability remotely by crafting input that leads the agent to call vulnerable tools with malicious parameters.

What level of access does an attacker need to exploit this?

The attacker needs the ability to control or meaningfully influence the arguments passed to vulnerable function tools—for example, by supplying input to an AI conversation, prompt, or API that ultimately becomes `args` to a shell command. No direct shell or system-level access is required beyond that.

What is the safest general fix pattern for affected code?

The safest pattern is to eliminate shell-based execution of untrusted input. Replace shell commands with direct library or API calls; where shell use is unavoidable, disable `shell=True`, pass arguments as a list, and strictly validate or whitelist all parameters before execution. Also, remove auto-approval of tools whose behavior depends on user-controlled arguments.

Severity:

CRITICAL RISK

(9.6)

OS Command Injection (CWE-78) in Cybersecurity AI Function Tools via subprocess Shell Execution

CVE-2026-25130

Published:

Jan 30, 2026

Status:

Awaiting Analysis

Summary

Affected Context

Exploit Preconditions

Why This Happens

Potential Impact

General Mitigation Guidance

How Teams Detect Issues Like This

Frequently Asked Questions

Source

NDV

Recent Vulnerabilities

CWE-306

CRITICAL RISK

CRITICAL

(9.8)

Missing Authentication for Forgot-Password Email Change API (CWE-306)

Account Takeover / Loss of Account Control

February 17, 2026

CWE-77;CWE-78

HIGH RISK

HIGH

(7.3)

OS Command Injection (CWE-78) in node-sonos-http-api TTS Provider for macOS

Remote Code Execution on the Server Host

February 17, 2026

Vulnerability Type

Category:

OS Command Injection

CWE:

CWE-78

Impact:

Remote Code Execution

Severity:

CRITICAL RISK

(9.6)

CVSS Version:

3.1

Vulnerability Type

Category:

OS Command Injection

CWE:

CWE-78

Impact:

Remote Code Execution

Severity:

CRITICAL RISK

(9.6)

CVSS Version:

3.1

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Ask AI for summary of CodeAnt

OS Command Injection (CWE-78) in Cybersecurity AI Function Tools via subprocess Shell Execution

Summary

Affected Context

Exploit Preconditions

Why This Happens

Potential Impact

General Mitigation Guidance

How Teams Detect Issues Like This

Frequently Asked Questions

Source

Recent Vulnerabilities

CRITICAL RISK

CRITICAL

(9.8)

Missing Authentication for Forgot-Password Email Change API (CWE-306)

HIGH RISK

HIGH

(7.3)

OS Command Injection (CWE-78) in node-sonos-http-api TTS Provider for macOS

Vulnerability Type

Vulnerability Type

Vulnerability Type

Vulnerability Type

Catch This CVE While Code Is Being Written

Ship clean & secure code faster

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